Experimental Investigation And Performance Analysis Of A Fixed Solar System Enhanced By Geothermal Cooling

Abstract

Solar panels provide a renewable energy source, harnessing sunlight to generate electricity without depleting natural resources. This contrasts with fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute to environmental degradation. Solar panels allow countries and individuals to produce their own electricity, reducing reliance on imported fossil fuels, thus enhance energy security and can stabilize energy costs. Solar panels are essential in driving the global transition towards a more sustainable, resilient, and equitable energy system. Photovoltaic (PV) cells absorb about 80% of solar radiation but only convert 12 to18% into electricity, with mono-crystalline cells achieving up to 24% efficiency. The remaining energy is lost, primarily as heat, increasing the temperature of PV cells significantly. Studies indicate that every 1°C rise above 25°C reduces module efficiency by approximately 0.45%. Consequently, effective cooling techniques are crucial to prevent overheating and improving PV module efficiency. Solar panels typically experience a decrease in efficiency as their temperature rises. The innovative aspect of this research lies in the application of geothermal energy as a cooling mechanism for the fixed panels. The objective is to analyze and achieve the maximum possible power output from this configuration. By leveraging geothermal cooling, the study aims to maintain the panels at an optimal temperature, thereby improving their efficiency and energy output. The current study investigates the effectiveness of integrating fixed solar panels with geothermal cooling to enhance system performance. Instead of employing a traditional tracking system, it utilizes fixed panels. Geothermal energy is used as a cooling mechanism to boost the efficiency of the solar panels. The study’s findings could have significant implications for the design and deployment of solar energy systems, particularly in areas where traditional tracking systems are not feasible or where maximizing energy efficiency is critical.