Vernix Caseosa: Benefits and Clinical Implications in Neonatal Care; A Study Conducted at Almak Nimr University Hospital, Shendi, Sudan

Abstract

Vernix caseosa is a white, creamy biofilm that covers the fetal skin during late gestation, offering antimicrobial protection,skin hydration, and thermoregulation. This study evaluates the impact of vernix retention on neonatal health outcomes in a Sudanese clinical setting. Conducted at Almak Nimr University Hospital, Shendi, Sudan, the study compared neonates with vernix retained versus those with immediate postnatal cleaning. A prospective comparative study was conducted at King Nimr University Hospital, Shendi, Sudan, from January to December 2024. A total of 200 neonates were enrolled and divided into two groups: Group A (Vernix Retained, n=100), where vernix was left intact for at least 24 hours post-birth, and Group B (Vernix Removed, n=100), where neonates were bathed within 30 minutes post-delivery. Clinical parameters were monitored for 24 hours post-birth. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.26. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The results demonstrate significantly lower infection rates, improved skin hydration, and better thermoregulation in neonates where vernix was preserved. These findings support delaying vernix removal as a beneficial neonatal care practice.Keywords: Vernix caseosa, neonatal care, skin protection, thermoregulation, antimicrobial properties, King Nimr University Hospital