Estimation Of Some Genetic Parameters In Potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Under Effect Of Planting Date

Abstract

The study was conducted under the conditions of Nineveh Governorate - Iraq on the nature of inheritance of some growth and yield traits of two imported potato varieties of the E rank (Bada and Sefra) under the influence of three planting dates (1/2/2024, 10/2/2024 and 20/2/2024, during the spring growing season of 2024/2025 at the College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul as a factorial experiment with sixtreatments according to a complete randomized block design and three replicatThe results of the analysis of variance indicate that there are significant differences between the two cultivars for all the studied traits except for the traits of total number of tubers per plant and number of marketable tubers per plant. The moral superiority of the Sefra cultivar over the Bada cultivar was for the yield traits represented by the total yield per plant and the total yield of tubers, while the moral superiority of the Bada cultivar over the Sefra cultivar was for the traits of the marketable yield per plant and the marketable yield of tubers. The first planting date 1/2/2024 showed a significant superiority over the other two dates for the yield traits represented by the total yield per plant, the total yield of tubers, the marketable yield per plant and the marketable yield of tubers. The Bada cultivar plants planted on the first date gave the best values ​​for the yield traits represented by the total yield per plant, the total yield of tubers, the marketable yield per plant and the marketable yield of tubers.  Genetic and environmental variances were significantly greater than zero for all traits. Broad-sense heritability was high for plant height, number of aerial stems, average total and marketable tuber weight, marketable plant yield, and marketable tuber yield. High heritability indicates that the appearance of an individual is strongly related to its genetic makeup, which suggests that direct improvements can be made to these traits in the following seasons. Expected genetic improvement values ​​as a percentage of mean were high for number of aerial stems, medium for plant height, average total and marketable tuber weight, and low for the other traits.