A Comparative Study On Job Involvement And Employee Motivation Between Executive And Non-Executive Private Tea Garden Employees In The District Of Dibrugarh, Assam

Abstract

Job involvement and employee motivation are essential components influencing individual performance and organizational success. This study investigates these constructs among executive and non-executive employees in private tea gardens located in the Dibrugarh district of Assam. Standardized instruments were employed for data collection, including the Job Involvement Scale developed by Kanungo (1982) and the Employee Motivation Scale by Srivastava (2006). The total sample comprised of 290 participants, including 75 executives (50 male and 25 female) and 215 non-executives (190 male and 25 female). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (independent samples t-tests and ANOVA). ‘t’-test results revealed no statistically significant differences in job involvement and employee motivation between male and female employees within the executive and non-executive categories. However, ANOVA results indicated significant differences across the four groups—male executives, female executives, male non-executives, and female non-executives—on the dimensions of job involvement, personal growth needs, self-control and autonomy. These findings align with recent research suggesting that gender does not significantly influence job involvement or motivation within the same job category (Singh et al., 2023; Hafeez et al., 2023). Executives exhibited higher levels of job involvement and a greater inclination toward personal development (Al-Taie & Khattak, 2024; Dysvik et al., 2021; Karatepe & Olugbade, 2019), while non-executives demonstrated stronger self-regulation and emotional control (Gabriel et al., 2019; Hülsheger & Schewe, 2021).The study contributes to a nuanced understanding of workforce dynamics in the tea plantation sector and offers actionable insights for strategic human resource management and employee engagement initiatives.