Technical, Economic, and Social Feasibility of the Renewable Electricity Transition in Mexico Toward 2030
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64252/mdx8r763Keywords:
decarbonization, energy planning, levelized cost of generation, solar and wind potential, social sustainability, public policy, project financing.Abstract
The study analyzed the technical, economic, and social feasibility of transitioning the Mexican power system toward a model based on renewable energy sources, considering the climate targets established for 2030. A sequential mixed-method approach was employed, integrating simulations using the PLEXOS software, levelized cost of generation analysis, and a social study supported by statistically validated questionnaires processed through quantitative and qualitative analysis tools. The results indicated that Mexico possessed sufficient technical potential to cover up to 92% of total electricity demand under deep decarbonization scenario, through solar and wind sources, achieving a significant reduction in emissions and generation costs lower than those of fossil technologies. However, regulatory constraints, uncertainty regarding investment incentives, and territorial inequalities in energy access were identified. It was concluded that the transition to a renewable electricity system was technically and economically feasible, although its social sustainability depended on institutional strengthening and the coherent implementation of public policies aligned with international mitigation commitments.
