Gendered Labour Dynamics In Sericulture: Evidence From Ramanagara District, Karnataka

Abstract

Sericulture is a significant rural livelihood in southern India, engaging large numbers of smallholder farmers, particularly women. This paper examines the gendered labour dynamics within the sericulture sector of Ramanagara District, Karnataka, where silk production has long shaped socio-economic structures. Drawing upon primary data collected from 250 households (with both male and female respondents), secondary government statistics, and scholarly literature, this study explores how labour roles are gendered, the division of work across the silk production chain (from rearing to weaving), wage disparities, and socio-cultural constraints faced by women workers. Findings reveal entrenched gender roles that assign women to low-wage and unpaid tasks, limited access to technology and training, and significant decision-making asymmetries within households and cooperatives. Despite policy initiatives by the Government of Karnataka and the Central Silk Board aimed at promoting sericulture and women’s participation, structural inequalities persist. The research identifies gaps between policy intent and field realities, highlighting the need for gender-responsive interventions. Recommendations include skill enhancement programs tailored for women, gender budgeting within sericulture schemes, improved credit access, and strengthening of women’s cooperatives. This paper contributes to literature on rural labour, gender economics, and agrarian policy by providing empirical evidence on the nuanced dynamics of women’s work in a traditional agro-industry. Results have implications for policymakers, development practitioners, and scholars interested in equitable rural development.