Clinical Evaluation Of Jalaukavacharana In Vatarakta (Gout): A Pilot Observational Study

Abstract

Vatarakta is a classical Rakta-pradoshaja disorder described in Ayurveda, characterized by severe pain, swelling, redness, and functional impairment of joints. Clinically, it closely resembles gout, a crystal-induced inflammatory arthritis associated with hyperuricemia. Jalaukavacharana (leech therapy), a form of Raktamokshana, is traditionally indicated in Rakta- and Pitta-dominant inflammatory conditions. However, systematic documentation of clinical evidence using contemporary outcome measures remains limited.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Jalaukavacharana on pain and inflammatory signs in a patient diagnosed with Vatarakta (gout). A prospective, single-arm pilot clinical study was conducted in one adult patient who fulfilled classical Ayurvedic diagnostic criteria and had laboratory confirmation of hyperuricemia. Jalaukavacharana was performed in three sittings on days 0, 3, and 6. Outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, clinical grading of swelling, presence of redness, and laboratory investigations.

Pain intensity reduced from a baseline VAS score of 8 to 2 by day 15, indicating a 75% reduction and exceeding the minimal clinically important difference for inflammatory arthritis. Swelling and redness resolved completely. No adverse events were observed.

The findings suggest that Jalaukavacharana may provide rapid and clinically meaningful symptomatic relief in Vatarakta (gout). The study supports classical Ayurvedic indications and highlights the need for larger controlled clinical trials.