Empirical Evaluation And Geometric Optimization Of The TGB Circle Rotary Intersection, Surat City

Abstract

This study presents a detailed assessment of traffic congestion and safety conditions at the TGB Circle rotary intersection in Surat city. Surat is a city which is rapidly expanding its urban center and experiencing increasing traffic demand. Comprehensive traffic volume surveys were carried out on all four approaches of the rotary during peak hours, and the collected data were converted into Passenger Car Units (PCU) in accordance with Indian Roads Congress (IRC) guidelines to ensure consistency and accuracy in analysis. Traffic movement characteristics, including directional distribution and weaving proportions, were systematically examined to understand operational performance at the intersection.

In addition, detailed measurements of the existing geometric elements such as entry width, weaving width, and central island dimensions—were undertaken to evaluate their adequacy with respect to prevailing traffic conditions. The practical capacity of the rotary was estimated using IRC’s empirical capacity equations and was found to be sufficient to accommodate the current peak-hour traffic volumes. Despite adequate capacity, the findings reveal operational and safety concerns arising from geometric limitations and traffic behaviour. The study therefore emphasizes the need for selective geometric redesign and operational improvements to enhance traffic efficiency, minimize conflicts, and improve overall safety at this important urban junction.