Prevalence Of Nutrient Canals In Mandibular Anterior Region In Hypertensive And Diabetic Patients Through Cone Beam Computed Tomography -A Radiographic Study

Abstract

Introduction: Nutrient canals in the anterior mandible are clinically significant structures that may indicate underlying systemic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence, number, and size of nutrient canals on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in individuals with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and in healthy controls. A total of 45 patients were analyzed in groups by age and sex. The results showed that the incidence and diameter in the cohort with diabetes and the group with hypertension were significantly larger than the control group, suggesting that with CBCT evaluation of nutrient canals may allow clinicians to recognize systemic vascular alterations in these two clinical conditions.

Aim & Objectives-

Aim:

To assess the incidence of nutrient canals in the anterior region of the mandible using Cone  Beam Computed Tomography scanning in individuals with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. 

objectives:

1. To evaluate the occurrence and count of microvascular and nutrient canals in the mandibular anterior region through CBCT in a control group, considering age and gender.
2. To evaluate the occurrence and size of microvascular and nutrient canals in hypertensive and diabetic individuals, in relation to age and gender.
3. To measure the diameter of these canals using CBCT in the control group.
4. To assess the periphery of neural conduits in cases diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes.
5. To compare the prevalence, count, and dimensions of the evaluated canals.

Materials And Method: The prospective study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology in Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad. A total of 45 patients were subdivided into three groups: diabetic (n=15), hypertensive(n=15), and a control group(n=15) for analysis. The data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), version 23.0, and the statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test and the independent t-test. 

Result: The study findings revealed a statistically significant difference in terms of incidence and number of nutrient canals between diabetic, hypertensive, and control groups. Furthermore, the diabetic cohort exhibited the greatest diameters of nutrient canals, followed by the hypertensive group, while the control cohort displayed the shortest diameters. However, there was no significant difference between the diabetic and hypertensive groups.

Conclusion: This study showed a positive correlation between the incidence of nutrient canals in patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. These findings may serve as an aid in identifying systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension.