Spatial Analysis Of Soil Erodibility Factor (K Factor) In Skikda Province Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Abstract

Water erosion is considered one of the most dangerous environmental phenomena that contributes to the degradation of agricultural lands and the decline of agricultural productivity, in addition to its negative impact on the stability of ecosystems and the balance of natural resources. Algeria is among the countries most affected by this phenomenon due to its diverse climatic and terrain characteristics, as coastal areas with steep slopes and heavy rains are exposed to high rates of soil loss. Understanding the factors affecting erosion, particularly soil susceptibility to erosion (K factor), is an essential step towards developing effective strategies to conserve soil and reduce soil erosion.

This study aims to evaluate and analyze the soil erodibility factor (K Factor) in Skikda Province, based on the physical properties of the soil, such as sand, silt, clay, and organic matter content. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to integrate and analyze spatial data, and apply global empirical equations to estimate K-factor values, enabling the production of a digital map showing the spatial distribution of soil erosion susceptibility at the state level. The results of this study contribute to providing an accurate scientific basis to support environmental planning programs and sustainable management of land resources, especially in areas exposed to severe water erosion.