Green Innovations In Concrete Technology: Formulating Ecofriendly Self-Compacting Concrete With Biodegradable Residues

Abstract

The worldwide construction sector is rising due to the rapidly growing economy. The manufacture of cement requires significant energy, exhausts natural resources, and releases substantial quantities of greenhouse gases. CO2 emissions during cement manufacture are a primary contributor to the degradation of the ozone layer. Furthermore, natural organic wastes such as fly ash, wheat straw ash, and rice husk ash pose environmental hazards due to their emission of poisonous gases, contributing to environmental pollution. Experimental investigations were undertaken to explore eco-friendly, effective, and inexpensive alternatives to cement as a substitutive material. These substitutes may include agricultural and industrial wastes, and their potential benefits can be realized through recycling, renewal, and reutilization procedures. The use of these wastes as substitute materials leads to significant energy conservation and a decrease in cement consumption, hence mitigating CO2 emissions into the environment. The incorporation of these environmental wastes as a substitute for cement in concrete will yield advantages both environmentally and economically. This will advance the development of green concrete. Self-Compacting concrete involved the development of concrete by the partial substitution of cement with fly ash and wheat straw ash. Polycarboxylate superplasticizer was employed to improve the workability of concrete. The percentages of cement replacement were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The workability and compressive strength were assessed at all percentages, and the results were compared to those of standard concrete.