The Role Of Social Robotics In Transforming Education: Applications, Challenges, And Future Directions

Abstract

Social robotics, an interdisciplinary field combining artificial intelligence, psychology, and education, focuses on developing robots capable of engaging with humans in socially meaningful ways. This paper explores the definition, theoretical foundations, applications, benefits, and challenges of social robotics, with particular emphasis on its role in education. Tracing its historical evolution from early prototypes such as MIT’s Kismet and Honda’s ASIMO, the study highlights how advancements in AI and machine learning have transformed social robots into interactive and empathetic learning companions. Drawing upon Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) theories and cognitive development frameworks by Vygotsky and Piaget, the paper analyses how social robots facilitate constructivist and social constructivist learning approaches. Application of social robots across educational levels—ranging from early childhood to higher and special education—demonstrate their potential to enhance student engagement, personalize learning experiences, and support collaborative activities. Moreover, social robots assist educators by automating administrative tasks, thereby enabling teachers to focus on individualized instruction. Despite these benefits, the paper acknowledges significant challenges, including technical limitations, ethical and privacy concerns, socio-cultural barriers, and issues of cost and accessibility. Case studies and pilot programs worldwide illustrate both the promise and complexity of integrating social robots into classrooms. Looking toward the future, the paper discusses emerging trends such as the fusion of social robotics with virtual and augmented reality, and the evolving roles of robots as mentors, tutors, and emotional companions. It concludes that, while social robotics holds immense potential to revolutionize education, its success depends on ethical governance, equitable access, and continued interdisciplinary collaboration.