Awareness And Attitude Towards Of Cervical Cancer And Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine Among MBBS Students Of Medical College In Kolar. India

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer caused by Human papilloma virus remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Indian women, despite the availability of preventive vaccines. Medical students, as future healthcare providers, play a pivotal role in promoting awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination. Objective: This study aimed to assess awareness and attitudes towards cervical cancer and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among MBBS students in a medical college in Kolar, India, and to compare responses between preclinical and clinical cohorts. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 419 MBBS students across all academic years between July and August 2023. A structured 30-item questionnaire, adapted from the THinK tool, was used to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding cervical cancer, HPV infection, vaccination, and preventive practices. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 25, with chi-square tests and ANOVA applied to assess differences across study years.

Results: Awareness of cervical cancer, HPV aetiology, and preventive strategies increased significantly with progression in medical education (p < 0.001). While only 26.9% of first-year students recognized HPV as the major cause of cervical cancer, the proportion rose to 98.1% by the third year. Knowledge of Pap smear screening, vaccine availability, and target populations followed similar trajectories. Despite these improvements, hesitancy persisted: concerns over side effects and insufficient information were the leading reasons for unwillingness to vaccinate. Willingness to receive HPV vaccination increased from 60.6% in first-year students to 82.5% among final-year students.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the critical role of medical education in shaping awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination. Early integration of HPV-related modules into the MBBS curriculum, coupled with strategies to address misconceptions, may enhance vaccine advocacy and uptake. Strengthening student preparedness not only benefits their clinical competence but also positions them as key agents in reducing the burden of cervical cancer in India.