Sustainable Development In Construction: A Review On High Strength Concrete With Industrial By-Products

Abstract

The construction industry across the world is under the two sided challenge to ensure demands are met in infrastructure setup and reduce environmental impacts. The use of the High Strength Concrete (HSC) material has become a source of choice because of its enhanced mechanical and durability characteristics, however, the manufacture of this material is resource-based and highly depended on the ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which is a major emitter of carbon dioxide. This review is a study on the effects of industrial by-products, fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), silica fume, and metakaolin, on the sustainability of HSC. As noted in the paper, these additional cementitious materials (SCMs) are able to lessen cement quantity consumed and minimize environmental effects besides enhancing strength over long periods of time, durability, as well as resistance to chemical assailment. These benefits notwithstanding, there are still simple constraints such as inconsistency in quality of by-products, their presence in various areas, and standardization of mix design rules. The further study parameters should deal with the development of performance-based standards, hybrid blends optimization and the practice of region-specific by-products utilization. This would make it simple to engage in massive implementation of sustainable HSC in structural application, and eliminate the distinction between laboratory creativity and practical use.