From Shantytowns To New Neighborhoods: Relocation To Belgaid (Oran) And Its Socio-Spatial Implications

Abstract

Resettlement constitutes a practical measure to address the housing crisis in major Algerian cities, particularly those affected by unplanned urban expansion and limited land resources. Suburbs, as peripheral spaces dependent on the urban core, have been designated by public authorities for the construction of collective housing complexes intended to accommodate families relocated from precarious settlements. In the city of Oran, these relocation operations have been accompanied by profound socio-spatial effects.

This study presents the findings of field research conducted with household heads from several informal and old neighborhoods that were cleared, with their residents resettled in the new urban hub of Belgaid, in the municipality of Bir El Djir. Using a descriptive–qualitative approach, the research relied on 600 questionnaires and 25 semi-structured interviews to analyze the implications of the resettlement process and the stakeholders’ choices regarding relocation sites.

The results reveal that, although the operation succeeded in providing decent housing within modern complexes, it also led to a decline in traditional social ties and an increase in spatial isolation due to insufficient services and weak transport networks, which reinforced feelings of social vulnerability. These challenges highlight the need for more integrated policies that account for both social and spatial dimensions, while ensuring adequate living environments in line with the principles of sustainable development.