Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Levels, Antioxidant Capacity and Deiodinase Type 1 Gene Polymorphism in Hypothyroid Patients

Abstract

The thyroid gland is the largest and one of the most important endocrine glands in the body. Hypothyroidism a prevalent endocrine disorder leads to a generalized metabolic slowdown due to insufficient thyroid hormone production. In this study, 60 sample women were collected from patients with hypothyroidism with 30 healthy women as control group, their age ranged between 20-45 years, conducted in Rizgary teaching hospital and Galiawa center in Erbil province from 22^nd September 2024 to 25^th February 2025. The statistical analysis showed that serum level of TSH, anti-TPO and anti-Tg increased significantly, while T4, T3, FT4 and FT3 decreased significantly in hypothyroid female patients. Serum level of oxidative stress such as MDA increased significantly, while antioxidant parameters such as klotho, selenium and catalase decreased significantly, but GPx and Vit.C increased significantly in hypothyroid group compared to control group. Deiodinase Type 1 gene polymorphism was detected in genotype frequencies in Erbil hypothyroid female patients. The wild type of SNP rs11206244 (C785T) was the most frequent genotype. Gene polymorphisms of DIO1 (C785T) rs11206244 was considered a risk factor for hypothyroidism in Kurdish women population. The CC genotype increase risk of hypothyroidism.