Salinity as an Ecological Indicator for Mangrove Rehabilitation in the East Kalimantan Province

Abstract

The mangrove forest ecosystem serves as a habitat for a wide range of microorganisms. However, the environmental quality of mangrove forests is currently experiencing disturbances. One of the ecological factors influencing mangrove growth is salinity, which plays a crucial role in the growth, resilience, and distribution of mangrove species. This study aims to examine variations in salinity conditions in the mangrove habitats of East Kalimantan Province. The study was conducted in the province’s mangrove forests using a census method, applied methodically across the mangrove areas. Salinity measurements were carried out through a census method, with prior mapping based on spatial data processing. The study results reveal salinity variations in several regions: Berau Regency: 10.42–29.00%, Bontang City: 22.58–27.50%, Kutai Kartanegara Regency: 6.63–32.36%, East Kutai Regency: 6.30–30.08%, Paser Regency: 8.05–28.13% and North Penajam Paser Regency: 3.00–18.45%. Based on the measurements, the environmental conditions of the mangrove forests in East Kalimantan Province largely support mangrove growth, although some locations have suboptimal salinity levels. This study on salinity conditions is part of efforts to assess the ecological state of mangrove forests to support successful rehabilitation and mangrove planting.