The Presence Of The Batak Toba Indigenous Community's Customary Land In Toba Republic

Abstract

Customary rights reflect the legal relationship between indigenous communities and the land, which is cosmic-religious in nature, where land is seen as an inseparable part of their customary association.. The research data used is sourced from areas where conflicts over customary land are occurring. Legislation is used to test whether the rules meet the values of indigenous communities and whether there are conflicts with indigenous communities in the application of existing rules. The data is then analysed to find solutions to problems related to land conflicts in indigenous legal communities. Based on the research findings, it is explained that there is substantial social, economic, and cultural significance to the Batak Toba indigenous people's customary territory in Toba Regency.  Clan organizations typically oversee this common land in the form of traditional or customary villages, and it serves a variety of functions, including social-religious activities, cultivation, and settlements.  However, with most of the land being converted without the approval of indigenous populations, modernization and land policy have put customary land in jeopardy. The rights of indigenous populations in Toba Regency are seriously threatened by a number of lawsuits involving customary land conflicts.