The Impact Of Heavy Metal Contamination On Plant Growth And Soil Remediation

Abstract

The study investigates the impact of heavy metal contamination, specifically zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni), on plant growth and explores soil remediation strategies. Heavy metals in soils, originating from industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and mining activities, pose significant environmental threats by adversely affecting soil quality and plant health. The research evaluates the effects of these contaminants on the growth of different Brassica species (e.g., Brassica juncea, Brassica campestris, Brassica napus) and explores the potential of soil amendments such as farmyard manure (FYM), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), and single superphosphate (SSP) in reducing metal bioavailability in contaminated soils. The results indicate that heavy metal contamination significantly reduced plant growth, including germination rates, shoot height, and root length, while increasing metal concentrations in plant tissues. Remediation treatments involving FYM, CaCO₃, and SSP effectively decreased metal uptake by plants, suggesting their potential as soil remediation agents. This research highlights the importance of selecting appropriate remediation techniques for restoring contaminated land, with implications for agricultural practices and environmental management.