Capture, Transport And Injection Of High CO2 Emitting Source In An Onshore Field Of India – An Integrated Modeling Case Study Towards Net- Zero

Authors

  • Adib Mulla Author
  • Niranjan Bhore Author
  • Samarth D. Patwardhan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64252/awgf8r61

Keywords:

Carbon Sequestration, CO2 capture, CO2 Transportation, Pipeline Design, Optimization, Decarbonization.

Abstract

  1. Objective/Scope: This paper evaluates the feasibility of an integrated Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) system for India’s cement industry. The scope includes capturing CO2 emissions from cement plants, transporting through optimized supercritical CO2 pipelines, and injecting into a depleted reservoir in the Cambay Basin. The study aims to establish a practical framework for industrial-scale CCS implementation in hard-to-abate sectors.
  2. Methods/Procedures/Process: A structured methodology is developed using emission data from three cement plants. Post- Combustion capture with amine-based solvents was selected for 90% efficiency. The captured CO2 was compressed to a supercritical state and transported through a custom-designed API X65 carbon steel pipeline network, with booster stations at ~50 km intervals. Pipeline design considered velocity, pressure drop, and material safety. Appropriate injection methodology was designed and assessed through reservoir characterization, considering pressure drop estimates as well as the injectivity index estimation for the target reservoir in Cambay Basin.
  3. Results/Observations/Conclusions: Results indicate that the three plants emit ~1.58 Mt CO2 annually, out of which ~1.42 Mt CO2 was captured. Pipeline modeling at 2 m/s velocity minimized pressure drops, with booster stations ensuring supercritical conditions throughout transport. API X65 steel provided a cost-effective and safe pipeline material. Subsurface injection into the Cambay Basin demonstrated feasible injectivity (15.96 m³/day/MPa) and safe operations below the fracture pressure. However, individual well storage capacity (~33 kt) was limited, requiring a multi-well strategy for large-scale deployment. This work confirms the technical feasibility of CCS for Indian cement plants, while also highlighting scalability and economic challenges.
  4. Novelty/Contribution: This study represents the first integrated CCS modeling framework for India’s cement sector, combining capture, supercritical pipeline design, and validated reservoir injectivity. Unlike global CCS projects focused on power plants, it provides sector-specific solutions for cement, offering a replicable integrated model for CO2, from capture to injection, for India’s decarbonization strategy, further facilitating the country’s commitment towards net zero and U.N. sustainable development goals.

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Published

2025-09-29

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Capture, Transport And Injection Of High CO2 Emitting Source In An Onshore Field Of India – An Integrated Modeling Case Study Towards Net- Zero. (2025). International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1098-1121. https://doi.org/10.64252/awgf8r61