Radiation Safety Awareness Among Nurses: Understanding Ionizing And Non-Ionizing Hazards In Clinical Practice

Abstract

Introduction: Radiology is essential in healthcare for accurate diagnoses, but exposure to radiation can lead to both stochastic and deterministic adverse effects. Medical exposure is the primary source of ionizing radiation. Therefore, it is critical for nursing staff working in radiation areas to be well-informed about radiation hazards and protection. This study aims to assess the awareness and practices regarding radiation hazards and safety measures among nurses working in departments with potential radiation exposure.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire consisting of three parts: general information, radiation hazards and protection measures, and radiation knowledge. The questionnaire was distributed to nursing staff working in radiation-exposed areas at a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad.

Results and Discussion: Of the 300 respondents, 43.7% were male and 56.3% female. Most nurses (67.4%) held diplomas, and 41.5% were exposed to radiation several times a day. A significant portion (65.2%) had never attended any radiation training. The majority (59.2%) were aware of radiation protection measures, but 76.3% were unaware of pocket dosimeters, and 54.8% lacked knowledge of radiation protection principles like ALARA. Additionally, 57.7% could not differentiate between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. These gaps in knowledge highlight the need for radiation safety training.

Conclusion: The study reveals that most nurses in radiation-exposed areas have inadequate knowledge of radiation hazards and protection. Regular training, workshops, and continuing education programs are essential to improve awareness and safety practices.