Evaluation Of Phyto Extracts Against Macrophomina Phaseolina Causing Root Rot Of Kalmegh (Andrographis Paniculata) In-Vitro And Pot Conditions

Abstract

Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) is anannual, branched and herbaceous plant which is grown during kharif season in India.It is also known as “Bhui-neem” because of its similar bitterness as Neem tree. Whole plant parts of Kalmegh have medicinal properties, which are used to cure fevers, liver problems, diabetes, snake bites, jaundice,diarrhea, chronic malaria, and sore throat. Root rot of Kalmegh caused by Macrophomina phaseolina has affected significant yield loss. Major symptoms were seen yellowing and drooping of leaves on one side of the plant while the other part of the plant was found green. As the disease spreads, the entire plant turned yellow, wilted, and dried. Meanwhile, the collar region of the stem has splitted and become darkened. Maximum per cent growth inhibition was recorded in Allium sativum clove extract at 48 (57.41%), 72 (51.51%), 96(50.91%), 120 (52.74%), 144 (56.46%) and168 (57.50%) hours after inoculation. Under pot conditions, the minimum percent disease incidence was observed in Alliumsativum clove extract at 30 (4.44%), 60 (11.50%), 90 (16.57%) and 120 DAT (22.48%). All the treatments were significantly reduced disease incidence at 30 (84.49%), 60 (71.88%), 90 (68.94%) and 120DAT (65.38%). The mean per cent disease control was maximum in Allium sativum and clove extract @10% (72.67%).