The Role of Nuclear Accidents in Developing Civil Liability Rules for Nuclear Damage at the International and National Levels

Abstract

The study employs an analytical approach to examine the role of nuclear accidents in the evolution of civil liability frameworks for nuclear damage at both international and national levels. It highlights that, although rare, peaceful nuclear accidents cause significant concern among workers and the public. The Chernobyl incident notably prompted enhancements in nuclear legislation and the expansion of liability conventions. Furthermore, such accidents have led to the establishment of agreements for early notification and assistance in nuclear incidents, thereby strengthening nuclear safety and security. The study recommends the activation of all aspects of nuclear security and safety across nuclear facilities, urging each nation to fulfill its national and international obligations regarding the possession and use of nuclear energy. Additionally, it advocates for the accession of all countries to the Convention on Early Notification and the Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency.