Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles From Graviola Biomass For Cervical Cancer Therapy: Synthesis, Characterization, And Targeted Drug Delivery Evaluation In AMJ13 Cell Lines

Abstract

Background: Green synthesis methods reduce environmental pollution compared to chemical synthesis, and the Plant-based reducing agents are generally more biocompatible and safer for medical applications. AuNPs have shown promise in targeting and killing cancer cells, making them potential candidates for cancer treatment.

Methods: Focusing on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles by reducing the gold ion Au³⁺ to Nano gold Au⁰, is achieved by introducing a reducing agent, specifically Annona pulp juice, to the gold salt H[AuCl_4.]. The AuNPs obtained were subjected to characterization using UV-V spectra, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different concentration of reduced AuNPs were applied   to cervical cancer cell lines, AMJ13. 

Results: The red AuNPs solution exhibited an absorption spectrum within the wavelength region of 520–540 nm. The gold nanoparticles that arise from diverse reactions exhibit varying shapes, with the most prevalent form being spherical. The diameters variation of nanoparticle, falling within the range of 14–30 nm, which aligns with findings reported in existing studies. The utilization of Annona pulp juice as a reducing agent in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles has been investigated in the context of their impact on the Hela cancer cell line, (cervical cancer cell lines, AMJ13), specifically targeting cervical cells. The determination of decreased cellular viability percentage (%) is achieved through the exposure of cells to various concentrations of solutions containing gold nanoparticles. The highest recorded percentage (84.87%) was observed after a 72-hour incubation period with a concentration of 100 µg/ml.  From an alternative perspective, the natural materials utilized in this investigation exhibit no adverse effects and lack toxicity. It has been Concluded, nanoparticles hold great promise in revolutionizing anticancer therapy through targeted drug delivery, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and reduced systemic toxicity. Continued research and development in this field are likely to yield innovative solutions for cancer treatment.