Ghana’s Digital ID Revolution: The Evolution And Challenges Of The Ghanacard Project, A Comprehensive National Identification System In Ghana

Abstract

The Ghanacard project, a landmark initiative aimed at establishing a comprehensive national identification system in Ghana,
has faced numerous challenges and milestones since its inception. This study examines the evolution of the Ghanacard project,
highlighting key phases, institutional challenges, and the impacts of public perception and engagement. Using extensive
ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2020 and 2022, the research identifies critical issues such as registration fatigue,
technical and logistical hurdles, and the need for interoperability among competing data infrastructures. The analysis
underscores the importance of a multistakeholder approach, effective interagency cooperation, and the integration of birth
registration systems to create a robust national identification framework. Drawing on comparative studies and recent
technological advancements, this paper provides insights into the future direction of the Ghanacard project, emphasizing the
necessity for sustained political commitment, continuous improvement, and enhanced public trust. The findings contribute to
the broader discourse on digital identification systems in developing countries, offering practical recommendations for
policymakers and stakeholders.