A Regional Systematic Review on Gender and Agritourism in Critical Pandemic Scenarios (2019–2023) Using the PRISMA Approach

Abstract

The present research is developed within the framework of a doctoral study in tourism and addresses a systematic review of literature on the gender perspective and agro-tourism development, starting from two guiding questions: What are the most relevant characteristics of the gender perspective? and What are the most important elements of agro-tourism development? These reflective questions aim to understand and highlight the leading role of women and their contribution to rural development.

Scientific productions published between 2019 and 2023 were analyzed. This time frame was intentionally selected to capture the conceptual and practical evolution of gender and agrotourism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic significantly affected rural dynamics, deepening gender gaps while also creating new opportunities for inclusive and sustainable models of agrotourism. Publishing this review in 2025 allows for a mature and critical understanding of those transformations and their long-term implications.

The study is based on the PRISMA methodology, through which 105 peer-reviewed papers were selected. The works reviewed provide empirical and theoretical insights on the intersection between gender and agrotourism in Ecuador. Findings reveal a persistent struggle to provide Ecuadorian women with spaces of justice for personal, family, and collective growth. Women's roles go beyond traditional boundaries; they are increasingly recognized as key agents of sustainable rural development. The review also highlights the need to dismantle enduring stereotypes that portray women as passive or submissive, and to promote their leadership across various dimensions.

In terms of agrotourism development, the literature emphasizes the importance of strengthening local tourism circuits, enhancing regional gastronomy, fostering the creation of producer associations, developing environmentally responsible value chains, preserving traditional crops, and improving rural infrastructure such as roads. These elements are essential for generating sustainable income and inclusive progress in rural territories