Phytochemical Profiling And Spectroscopy Characterization Of Coleus Vettiveroides K.C. Jacob

Abstract

Coleus vettiveroides (syn. Plectranthus vettiveroides), a member of the Lamiaceae family, is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Siddha medicine for treating various ailments. Its roots, rich in bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids are valued for treating allergies, bronchitis, rheumatism and other ailments. Phytochemical and FTIR analyses revealed a diverse chemical profile, with functional groups like alkanes, esters and sulfonates linked to medicinal properties. The FTIR analysis of ethanolic root, stem and leaf extracts from   C. vettiveroides revealed diverse functional groups, highlighting the presence of bioactive compounds include N-H stretching (amines and amine salts), C=O stretching (ketones, esters and conjugated carbonyls) and O-H stretching/bending (alcohols and phenols). GC-MS spectra of ethanol leaf extracts of C. vettiveroides revealed several compounds in the extract, with notable richness in n-hexadecanoic acid and γ-sitosterol , n-Hexadecanoic acid a fatty acid, is widely recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while   γ-sitosterol a phytosterol. The stem extract identified three compounds, underscoring the significance of 4-n-butylthiane,  s,s-dioxide as a key contributor to the extract's bioactivity. The rich components are present in root extracts include ferruginol, stigmasterol and aromadendrene (dehydro). This study highlighted the therapeutic potential of C. vettiveroides as a source of valuable bioactive compounds for medicinal applications.