Exploring Pramana Sharir: A Critical Review Of Anthropometric Principles In Ayurveda

Abstract

Background Pramana Sharir (Anthropometry) is a crucial aspect of Ayurveda, providing insights into the measurement-based assessment of an individual's health, longevity, and constitution. It serves as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in clinical practice and plays a significant role in personalized medicine. Despite its significance, the classical concepts of Pramana require critical evaluation in light of modern anthropometric methods. Objectives-This review aims to critically analyze the principles of Pramana Sharir as described in Ayurvedic texts and explore their relevance and correlation with contemporary anthropometric sciences. The study seeks to bridge traditional Ayurvedic concepts with modern scientific approaches to body measurements and health assessment. Methods -A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts, including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, was conducted to extract references on Pramana and its applications. Additionally, relevant modern literature on anthropometry, body composition analysis, and clinical implications were analyzed. Comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the similarities, differences, and potential integrations between Ayurvedic and contemporary anthropometric methods. Results -The Ayurvedic concept of Pramana extends beyond mere physical dimensions and incorporates physiological and functional aspects of health. Measurements such as Anguli Pramana, sharīra māna, and deha Pramana are traditional Ayurvedic tools for assessing health and longevity. When compared to modern anthropometric indices like Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), and Body Surface Area (BSA), significant correlations and differences were observed. The integration of Ayurvedic Pramana principles with modern measurement techniques offers a holistic approach to health assessment. Conclusion -Pramana Sharir provides a unique and comprehensive perspective on human measurements in Ayurveda. While modern anthropometry focuses on quantifiable metrics, Ayurveda integrates functional and constitutional parameters, making it more individualized. Future interdisciplinary research can further validate Ayurvedic anthropometric principles, enhancing their applicability in contemporary healthcare and personalized medicine.